The use of forklifts has limitations. In order to enhance the convenience of forklift work, forklift attachments were born.
After the attachment is installed on the forklift, the original design state of the forklift has actually been changed, so how will the carrying capacity of the forklift change during the actual operation? Will it further affect the operation and use of the forklift? Before analyzing the situation, it is necessary for us to understand the following concepts. These are the factors most closely related to the actual carrying capacity of the forklift; they are also indispensable when calculating and judging the overall carrying capacity of the forklift.
1. Load
The load of the attachment refers to the maximum weight that the attachment can safely carry under a certain load center.
2. Load center distance
The load center distance refers to the distance from the front surface of the attachment frame to the center of gravity of the cargo.
3. Lost load distance
The distance from the front surface of the fork frame to the front surface of the attachment frame (that is, the thickness of the attachment).
Forklift / Attachment (Combination) Carrying Capacity
Carrying capacity is an important aspect that must be considered in the selection process of forklifts and attachments. Forklifts (mainly balance weight type) after the attachment is installed, the combined (comprehensive) carrying capacity of the forklift / attachment is the maximum load The bearing weight will be reduced due to the following two reasons:
1) The moment generated by the attachment's own weight cancels out part of the load moment of the forklift.
2) Because the thickness of the attachment frame structure is greater than the thickness of the fork, in actual operation, the load center (distance from the center of the cargo to the front end surface of the forklift fork) of the fork picks up the goods, which also offsets part Bearing torque of forklift.
Before the attachment is installed (according to the principle of force balance):
M forklift = M rated load = G rated load x (c + x)
After installing the attachment:
M rated load = M cargo + M attachment
Among them: M cargo = G cargo x (x-s + cog)
M attachment = G attachment x (x–s + v + L / 2)
Maximum weight of cargo G cargo = (M rated load-M attachment) / (x-s + cog)
Factors to be considered when selecting an attachment
Faced with the working environment conditions, operation methods and different forklifts used or to be purchased by enterprise customers in different fields, how can we choose a forklift attachment suitable for the working environment of our enterprise? Normally, the customer must provide the actual working conditions and requirements of the attachment to the forklift OEM or its sales agent or attachment company. Based on these important information, the forklift OEM or its sales agent or attachment company can only carry out the selection of attachments.
The following are the factors to consider when choosing an attachment:
1) What kind of goods does the customer carry: such as paper rolls, soft bags, barrels, home appliances, tubes, pallets, etc.
2) Cargo weight: (including pallet) kg, length (in the direction of travel) mm, width / diameter mm, height mm.
3) Outer surface / contact surface (outer packaging).
4) Transportation method: a. Pallet transportation: size of cargo pallet mm, height of pallet jack mm b. Transportation without pallet: cargo pile spacing mm, number of cargo pieces
5) Specific handling information / actual environment:
How will the customer handle these goods: push / clamp / rotate (horizontal in the direction of travel) / roll (horizontal in the direction of travel) / lateral movement / roll (in the direction of travel) / loading on the rear of the car / on the side of the car goods.
6) Current customer status information: How has the customer solved the handling problem so far? How do they want to improve? What is their vision?
7) What are the limitations in practical applications: height, length, width, weight, others.
8) Application fields of attachments: smelters, construction sites, warehouses, special occasions, etc.
9) Environmental factors: explosive areas, dust, high temperature, low temperature, acidity, sugar, salt, food, nutrition, beverages, etc.
10) Regarding the forklift: Forklift model, mast type, selected attachment type, action function, determine the number of additional oil circuits of the forklift according to attachment type and function
a. A set of attachments for action functions, the forklift must provide a single additional oil circuit (such as the lateral movement of the side shifter);
b. Attachment of two sets of action functions, the forklift needs to provide double additional oil circuits (such as the tension arm / clamping / rotation of the paper roll clamp);
c. Attachment of three sets of action functions. Forklift trucks need to provide double additional oil circuits and install a solenoid valve device (such as opening / clamping, side shifting, and rotating of the rotary side shift type soft bag clamp).
11) Do you have to purchase new trucks for existing forklifts? (Whether there is a problem with the transformation of the forklift, such as: adding additional oil circuits, etc.)
12) Installation cost of attachments (labor cost, time for hydraulic system modification (if necessary), cost of corresponding optional parts, etc.)
Appendix 1 :
Selection of bucket clamps for some commonly used attachments
1 . The weight of the cargo: determine the load of the attachment.
2 . The diameter of the barrel (whether it is a standard oil barrel): determine the shape of the barrel clamp arm.
3. The initial arrangement of the barrel (vertical or horizontal): determine the type of barrel clamp.
4. The stacking method of the barrel and the disposal of the goods in the barrel (forward tilt, left tilt, etc.): Determine the type of barrel clamp.
5. Type of goods in the barrel (whether it is flammable, volatile, explosive, etc.): Decide whether to use explosion-proof attachments.
6. Number of clamps each time: Determine the type of attachment.
Paper roll clamp
1 . The weight of the paper roll: Determine the load of the attachment.
2 . The diameter of the paper roll (whether the diameter is uniform): determine the range and structural form of the attachment.
3. Paper quality (kraft paper, newsprint, white cardboard, coated paper, toilet paper, etc.): Decide on the form of plywood for attachments.
4. The outer packaging of the paper roll (such as: kraft paper packaging, plastic film packaging, etc.): Decide on the splint form of the attachment.
5. The number of paper rolls clamped each time: determine the attachment arm type (whether the long arm is separated).
Spinner
1 . The weight of the cargo: determine the load of the attachment
2 . The center distance of the cross section of the fork sleeve under the container (warehouse cage, ladle, etc.) or on its side: determines the width of the fork rack in front of the spinner and the position of the fork positioning groove.
3. The length of the container or cargo in the direction of the fork: determine the load of the attachment and the length of the fork.
4. Attachment working environment (such as: normal temperature, high temperature, fishery, etc.): Determine the type of attachment.
5. The minimum height of the upper end of the original fork frame of the forklift from the ground: Decide the type of fork (A type, B type or special fork), because it is necessary to ensure that the fork can land on the fork after hanging on the attachment.
Soft and flat clips
1 . The weight of the cargo: determine the load of the attachment.
2 . The maximum size of the cargo across the fork direction: determine the range of the open arm of the attachment.
3. The maximum size of the cargo in the direction of the fork: it not only determines the arm length of the attachment but also affects the choice of the load of the attachment.
4. The height of the cargo: both determine the arm height of the attachment.
5. Type of goods (soft, hard, whether the internal product is resistant to squeezing, etc.) and the situation of the outer packaging (in bulk or with strapping, whether the outer packaging allows squeezing): determine the form of the clip arm.
6. The number of clamps each time: determine the length of the arm and the range of the open arm.
7. Cargo transportation process (simple stacking, upper assembly line, loading and unloading trucks, etc.): affect the arm length of the attachment.
8 . Do you need to flip the goods.
Load stabilizer
1 . The height of the goods: determine the range of attachments.
2 . Type of goods: Decide on the type of pressure plate.
3. The size of the single piece of goods is extremely placed, the overall size of the goods in the direction of the fork and across the fork: determine the size of the attachment pressure plate
4. The packaging form of the goods (boxed, bagged, with or without wrapping film, etc.) and the road conditions during operation of the forklift (flat, bumpy) determine whether the attachment is equipped with a retaining shelf.
