One, improper startup method.
Due to the low temperature in winter, the start of the equipment is often not smooth. When starting the excavator in winter, you can now cover the insulation on the water tank, open the drain valve, and continuously inject 60-70 ℃ clean soft water into the water tank by hand. When touching the water from the drain valve, you will feel hot, then close the drain valve, pour 90-100 ℃ clean soft water into the water tank, and turn the crankshaft to make the moving parts properly pre-lubricated, and then start again.
Second, do not pay attention to the body insulation.
Failure to pay attention to the insulation of the body during winter operations may cause consequences such as reduced working life and damage to the engine. Insulation is the key to good diesel engines in winter.
The thermostat plays an important role in the temperature rise of the diesel engine in winter. Therefore, before entering the winter, you should check whether the excavator thermostat is working properly. If a fault is found, it should be repaired or replaced.
Third, let the water drain.
After the operation is completed, the excavator should run at idle speed before the flame is turned off. When the temperature of the cooling water drops below 60 ° C, turn off the fire and release the water when the water is not hot, otherwise, the machine body will be suddenly affected by cold air when the temperature is high. Sudden shrinkage, cracks appeared.
Fourth, low-load operation.
Some drivers often can't wait to enter the load operation after the excavator is started. However, due to the diesel engine just after fire, due to the low temperature of the body and the high viscosity of the oil, the oil is not easy to fill the friction surface of the sports pair, which will cause serious wear on the machine.
In addition, due to insufficient preheating of the machine, plunger springs, valve springs and injector springs are also easily broken due to "cold and brittle".
Five, fuel.
Due to the low temperature in winter, the excavator repair often leads to the deterioration of the fluidity of the diesel, the increase of the viscosity, the difficulty of spraying, the poor atomization, the deterioration of the combustion, and the decline of the power and economic performance of the diesel engine.
Today's excavators account for the vast majority of all-hydraulic full-turn excavators. Hydraulic excavators are mainly composed of engines, hydraulic systems, working devices, walking devices and electrical controls. The hydraulic system consists of hydraulic pumps, control valves and hydraulic cylinders. , Hydraulic motor, pipeline, fuel tank, etc., the electrical control system includes monitoring panel, engine control system, pump control system, various sensors, solenoid valves, etc.
The hydraulic excavator is generally composed of three parts: working device, upper body and lower body. According to its structure and use, it can be divided into: crawler type, tire type, walking type, full hydraulic, semi hydraulic, full swing, excavator repair The factory is not fully slewing, general type, special type, articulated type, telescopic arm type and other types.
The working device is a device that directly completes the excavation task. It is formed by the articulation of three parts, such as boom, stick, and bucket. In order to meet the needs of various construction operations, the hydraulic excavator can be equipped with a variety of working devices, such as excavation , Lifting, loading, leveling, clamps, bulldozing, impact hammer, rotary drilling and other operating tools.
Rotating and walking device is the body of hydraulic excavator. The upper part of the turntable is equipped with power unit and transmission system. The engine is the power source of hydraulic excavator.
The hydraulic transmission system transmits the power of the engine to the hydraulic motor, hydraulic cylinder and other actuators through the hydraulic pump to push the working device to complete various operations.
