Forklifts use batteries, diesel, propane and other industrial power as industrial energy. At present, the more common motor forklifts in China are: electric forklift, electric stacker (generally divided into full electric stacker and semi electric stacker), electric carrier, propane forklift, diesel forklift, etc. they are designed and produced according to individual needs, such as forward moving forklift Forklifts with accessories (accessories means that the forks are redesigned and manufactured according to the special market needs to meet the needs of customers. At present, common accessories such as tipping bucket, paper barrel clamp, drum clamp, tire clamp, wooden box clamp, etc., with very flexible design) belong to motor forklifts. The commonly used systems of motor forklift include: driving system, lifting system, hydraulic system, braking system and steering system. Generally, the five systems that are prone to failure are the solutions to the common faults of the system.
Common faults and solutions of drive system:
First, the clutch slips or does not separate, and the fault causes are analyzed as follows:
1. If there is oil stain on the friction plate or the friction plate is damaged, the treatment method is to clean the friction plate or replace the friction plate;
2. The release bearing is pressed on the release lever in the combined state. The treatment method is to shorten the length of the push rod of the slave cylinder assembly;
3. The free stroke of the release bearing is too large. The solution is to lengthen the push rod in the slave cylinder assembly;
4. There is air in the oil circuit. This treatment method is to exhaust the air in the oil circuit;
Second, there is abnormal noise in the gearbox, and the causes of the fault are analyzed as follows:
1. If the gear is excessively worn or the bearing is damaged, the treatment method is to replace the gear or the bearing;
2. There are sundries in the gearbox. The way to deal with them is to remove them.
Common faults and solutions of hoisting system:
First, the gantry is not synchronized when tilting. It is analyzed that the fault is caused by the inconsistent stroke of the two tilt cylinders or the inconsistent size of the intercepting hole at the cylinder pipeline joint. The treatment method is to adjust the stroke of the two tilt cylinders and replace the joint with the same intercepting hole.
Second, the gantry cannot be lifted when it is empty. This is because the overflow hole of the multi-channel valve is blocked. It is OK to remove the sundries in the overflow hole of the multi-channel valve.
Third, the lowering speed of the fork gantry is too fast. This is because the speed limiting valve at the oil inlet does not work. This only needs to repair the speed limiting valve.
Fourth, the fork gantry automatically drops, which is caused by insufficient hydraulic oil in the oil cylinder. The treatment method is to overhaul the multi-channel valve and add hydraulic oil.
Common faults and solutions of braking system:
The first and second wheels cannot be braked at the same time, and the fault causes are analyzed as follows:
1. If the clearance between the two brakes is unequal or the brake pipeline is blocked, adjust the clearance between the two brakes or dredge the pipeline;
2. If there is oil stain in the brake drum or the brake shoe is distorted and deformed, the treatment method is to remove the oil stain or repair or replace the brake shoe;
3. There is air in the brake pipeline. The treatment method is to eliminate the air in the brake pipeline.
Second, the hand brake fails. This may be due to the relaxation of the hand brake steel wire. The solution is to adjust the tightness of the hand brake steel wire.
Third, brake failure. The causes of the failure are as follows:
1. If the clearance between brake drum and brake shoe is too large, the treatment method is to adjust the clearance between brake drum and brake shoe;
2. If the inlet and outlet valve of the brake master cylinder fails, the solution is to repair the inlet and outlet valve;
3. The brake friction plate is excessively worn, and the treatment method is better friction plate;
4. The contact surface of the friction plate is not enough. The solution is to repair the friction plate.
Common faults and solutions of steering system:
First, the steering gear leaks oil, and the causes of the failure are analyzed as follows:
1. The joint surfaces of the steering gear (valve body, spacer, stator and rotor) leak oil. The treatment method is to replace the sealing ring, clean the steering gear, joint surface or better firm bolts;
2. If the seal ring at the journal or overflow valve is damaged, the treatment method is relatively simple, that is, the seal ring at the journal and overflow valve is better;
3. The washer at the limit bolt is uneven. The way to deal with this situation is to grind the washer flat or better.
Second, steering failure. The causes of the failure are as follows:
1. The spring plate of the steering gear is broken or the pin shaft of the steering gear is broken and deformed, or the opening of the coupling is broken or deformed. This treatment method is to better the spring plate, pin shaft and coupling;
2. If the safety valve fails, the solution is to clean the safety valve and replace the spring;
3. If the leakage of steering oil cylinder is too large, the treatment method is to replace the seal or oil cylinder.
