1. Operation technology.
First of all, we must confirm the surrounding conditions. When turning, we must be aware of the surrounding obstacles and terrain. Safe operation. When working, we must confirm the front and back directions of the crawler to avoid tipping or impact. Try not to face the final drive to the excavation. Orientation, otherwise it is easy to damage the walking motor or hose. During operation, ensure that the left and right crawlers are completely in contact with the ground to improve the dynamic stability of the machine.
2. Effective mining method.
When the bucket cylinder and the connecting rod are 90 degrees from each other, the digging force is the largest. When the bucket teeth and the ground are maintained at a 30 degree angle, the digging force is the best, that is, the cutting resistance is the smallest. When digging with a stick, the angle of the stick should be between 45 degrees from the front and 30 degrees from the back. Using the boom and bucket at the same time can improve the digging efficiency.
3, dig the rock.
Excavating rocks with a bucket will cause great damage to the machine, and should be avoided. When excavation is necessary, the excavator maintenance position of the machine body should be adjusted according to the direction of the crack of the rock, so that the bucket can be smoothly shoveled, excavated, and bucket teeth Insert into the crack of the rock and dig with the digging force of the stick and bucket (should pay attention to the slipping of the teeth of the bucket). Rocks that have not been broken should be broken before using the bucket to dig.
4. Slope leveling operation.
When performing plane trimming, the machine should be placed on the ground to prevent the body from shaking. It is necessary to grasp the coordination of the movement of the boom and the stick, and controlling the speed of the two is essential for the plane trimming.
5. Loading operation.
The machine body should be in a stable horizontal position, otherwise it is difficult to accurately control the unloading of the slewing, thereby extending the working cycle time. The body and the truck must maintain an appropriate distance to prevent the tail of the machine from colliding with the truck when making a 180-degree rotation. Open the field of vision, high operating efficiency, at the same time, you must correctly grasp the rotation angle to reduce the time used for turning, the truck position is lower than the excavator, to shorten the boom lifting time, and the sight is good, first install sand, gravel, Then put the excavator to repair the large stones, which can reduce the impact on the car box.
One, excavator fuel.
The fluidity of diesel will deteriorate when the weather is cold, the viscosity will increase, and it is easy to cause engine failure, so be sure to select diesel according to the local minimum temperature.
The basis for dividing the diesel label is the freezing point of diesel. At present, the light diesel used in China is divided into 7 labels according to the freezing point :.
10 # Diesel: Suitable for high-speed diesel engines with preheating equipment.
5 # diesel: suitable for use when the temperature is above 8 ℃.
0 # Diesel: Suitable for use when the temperature is between 8 ℃ and 4 ℃.
-10 # Diesel: Suitable for use when the temperature is between 4 ℃ and -5 ℃.
-20 # Diesel: Suitable for use when the temperature is between -5 ℃ and -14 ℃.
-35 # Diesel: Applicable when the temperature is between -14 ℃ and -29 ℃.
-50 # Diesel: Applicable when the temperature is between -29 ℃ and -44 ℃ or lower than this temperature. It is recommended that you pay more attention to the weather forecast. The excavator repair shop chooses different types of fuel according to the appropriate temperature. If conditions permit, diesel Filters, oil filters also need to be replaced more frequently.
Second, the excavator could not start.
Exclude other causes of failure, the excavator cannot start in winter, there are the following common problems.
1. The battery runs out of power.
Winter is also very important for the maintenance of the battery. The safest method is to remove the battery after work and store it in a cool, dry place.
2. The number of revolutions is not high.
Low speed is mainly due to insufficient preheating. The usual preheating is divided into two methods: air preheating and combustion chamber glow plug heating preheating. Before the excavator is started, it is generally preheated for 5-10 minutes before restarting the excavator.
3. The cooling water is frozen.
This problem can be avoided by draining the cooling water before it is frozen. Run at idle speed before turning off the flame. When the temperature of the cooling water drops below 60 ° C, turn off the flame and release the water. Use a bucket to put the discharged water in the cab. It can be added the next day.
