The bulldozer is a road construction machine equipped with a bulldozer in front of the tractor, which is used for bulldozing and leveling the construction site. We all know that it is widely used, but few people know how to maintain and inspect it, which is often overlooked by us. Let ’s learn together!
1. Maintenance method of bulldozer
1. Inspection and maintenance before starting:
1) Air filter, muffler, support
Whether the bolts of the heavy wheel bracket, track, working device and other parts are loose, if they are found, they should be tightened.
2) Check whether the electrical system has broken wires, short wires, and loose binding posts.
2. Check the oil quantity of engine oil pan:
1) When the bulldozer is in the engine stop state, remove the dipstick and check that the liquid level should be between the "H" and "L" scales of the dipstick
3. Oil quantity check of rear axle box
1) The first 250 hours of inspection and maintenance:
2) Replace the fuel filter.
3) Replace the coarse and fine oil filters.
4) Replacement of oil in gearbox and rear axle box (replace the amount of oil according to the schedule).
5) Replacement of oil in working oil tank.
6) Replace the working oil tank filter element.
7) Replace the final transmission case oil.
8) Clean the variable speed steering filter.
9) Tighten the mounting screws of the fuel injector.
4. Check and adjust the engine valve clearance.
1) Inspection and maintenance every 500 hours:
2) Replace the preservative reservoir
3) Close the two valves at the top of the preservative reservoir.
4) Unscrew the cartridge filter element to the left.
5) Apply engine oil to the sealing surface and replace with new components.
6) During installation, tighten 1/2 to 3/4 turns after the sealing surface contacts the cover. (Do not overtighten)
7) Open the valve after replacement.
2. Trouble shooting of bulldozer
1. The main clutch slips
When the main clutch of the bulldozer slips, the engine speed is normal and no black smoke is emitted, and the working device works normally, but the machine is struggling to climb the slope and cannot even walk. The main clutch slip is the most common failure of the bulldozer. The main reasons are: wear of the master and follower plates; welding of the lock pin of the adjustment disc; the main clutch control rod is not in place; the thread engagement between the adjustment disc and the flywheel cover end is poor. Clutch slippage faults are sometimes very difficult to deal with, and the general repairer's approach is to rotate the dial repeatedly. If the clutch still slips after adjusting the adjustment disc many times, it is often necessary to remove the transmission first and blindly disassemble the main clutch, which will not only find the fault point but also easily damage other parts and delay production, resulting in large economic losses. For this reason, careful analysis should be carried out according to the above-mentioned possible reasons in order to be effective. For example, our unit has a Yellow River TY220 bulldozer. The main clutch sometimes slips during work. At the initial stage, the machine can still work barely by adjusting its dial, but it did not take long for the lock screw to release, so that only the main clutch was removed. Replace the two screw rods of the lock pin and check all the parts (the parts are not damaged, and the main and follower pieces are basically not worn). The machine has returned to normal. However, after a month, the main clutch slipped again, and finally the clutch was adjusted every 2H, making the construction impossible. At that time, it was decided to replace the full set of main clutch, but not only was this a waste of money, but also because the production was not allowed during peak hours, after many adjustments, the bulldozer only started to push a few shovel or dozens of shovel. The clutch began to slip, and finally It is judged that the screw ratio of the adjusting disc and the flywheel cover end has deteriorated. Therefore, after adjusting the main clutch, the lock pin screw is locked with a locknut. After being processed by this method, the aircraft used the main clutch for half a year without adjustment, indicating that the fault point was found correctly.
2. The main clutch lever is heavy
The main reasons are: clogged oil filter, insufficient oil supply, so that the booster does not work; the main clutch hydraulic system is short of oil; the booster is damaged or the booster safety valve is defective; the bimetallic sleeve in the moving sleeve is burnt. When there is a heavy failure of the clutch lever, you should first check whether the oil level of the hydraulic system meets the requirements; if the oil level is appropriate, you can temporarily remove the oil filter, and then pull the main clutch lever, if you feel the lever becomes stiff, It means that the oil filter is blocked, at this time only need to clean or replace the oil filter. If the oil circuit is normal, but the main clutch lever is heavy, you can first check whether the safety valve of the booster is stuck or draining. If there is no problem with the safety valve of the booster, you must check the booster; or check the bimetal sleeve in the moving sleeve Whether it is burned, it is necessary to replace it with a new one.
3. The gear makes abnormal noise when shifting gears, making it difficult to bite
The main reasons are: the adjusting disc is too tight; the hand brake has a poor braking effect. When the adjusting disc is too tight, it is difficult to disengage the main clutch, so the power cannot be cut off, causing the gear to make an abnormal noise when shifting. At this time, the adjustment dial should be adjusted counterclockwise to the appropriate position, that is, when adjusting the main clutch, as long as the handle of the main clutch can be clearly heard, the clear cry when crossing the dead point can be clearly heard. If the brake effect of the hand brake is not good, the main clutch will be disengaged, but the main clutch shaft is still rotating due to inertia (as required, when the main clutch is in the disengaged state, the main clutch shaft should stop within 3s), so when shifting The gears are difficult to mesh and make abnormal noises. At this time, the small brake band must be adjusted or replaced.
4. The main clutch cannot be engaged
The main reasons are: the short pin shaft of the coupling plate falls off; the weight of the moving sleeve is reversed; the main clutch is not covered during the repair process, check whether the short pin of the moving sleeve falls off and whether the weight of the moving sleeve is reversed If the weight is reversed, the moving sleeve cannot enter the adjusting disc). If necessary, remove the moving sleeve, re-rive the short pin, and install the adjusting disc. If the main clutch shaft is not installed properly, the lever shaft should be adjusted as required.
