Forklifts use batteries, diesel, propane and other industrial power as industrial energy. Forklifts that are more common in China at present are: electric forklifts and electric stackers (the industry is generally divided into fully electric stackers and semi-electric stackers) , Electric pallet trucks, propane forklifts, diesel forklifts, etc., designed and produced according to individual needs, such as forward-moving forklifts and attachment forklifts (the attachment means that the forks are redesigned and manufactured according to special market needs to meet Customer needs, currently common attachments such as tipping buckets, paper tube clamps, drum clamps, tire clamps, wooden box clamps, etc., the design is very flexible), etc., this type belongs to the category of motorized forklifts. Commonly used systems for motorized forklifts are: drive system, hoisting system, hydraulic system, braking system, steering system. These five systems are generally loved by faults, and the common system faults are handled.
Common faults and treatment methods of drive system:
First, the clutch slips or does not disengage. Analyze the causes of failure:
1. There is oil stain on the friction lining or the friction lining is damaged. The treatment method is to clean the friction lining or replace the friction lining;
2. The state of separation bearing is pressed on the separation lever. The method of this treatment is to shorten the length of the push rod of the cylinder assembly;
3. The free stroke of the separating bearing is too large. The way to deal with this is to adjust the length of the push rod in the cylinder assembly;
4. There is air in the oil passage. This treatment method is to exhaust the air in the oil passage;
Second, there is abnormal noise in the gearbox. Analysis of the causes of the failure include:
1. Excessive gear wear or bearing damage, the treatment method is to replace the gear or replace the bearing;
2. There are debris in the gearbox, the way to deal with it is to eliminate the debris.
Common faults of hoisting system and solutions:
First, the mast is not synchronized when it is tilted. The cause of the failure is due to the inconsistent strokes of the two tilting cylinders or the size of the cut-off holes at the joints of the pipelines of the cylinders. Hole connector.
Second, the mast cannot lift when it is empty. This is because the overflow hole of the multi-way valve is blocked, and it is enough to clear the debris from the overflow hole of the multi-way valve.
Third, the fork gantry descends too fast, this is because the oil inlet speed limit valve does not work, this only needs to repair the speed limit valve.
Fourth, the fork mast is automatically lowered. This is caused by insufficient hydraulic oil in the cylinder. The solution is to repair the multi-way valve and add hydraulic oil.
Common faults of brake system and solutions:
The first and second wheels cannot be braked at the same time. Analysis of the causes of failure include:
1. The gap between the two brakes is not equal or the pipeline of the brake is blocked. This adjusts the gap between the two brakes or clears the pipeline;
2. If there is oil in the brake drum or the brake shoe is distorted, the solution is to remove the oil or repair or replace the brake shoe;
3. There is air in the brake line, the treatment method is to exclude the air in the brake line.
Second, the failure of the hand brake, this may be due to the loose hand brake wire, the solution is to adjust the tightness of the hand brake wire.
Third, brake failure, analysis of the reasons for the failure are:
1. The gap between the brake drum and the brake shoe is too large. The solution is to modulate the gap between the brake drum and the brake shoe;
2. The brake master cylinder inlet and outlet valves are invalid. The solution is to repair the inlet and outlet valves;
3. Excessive wear of brake friction plate, the treatment method is better friction plate;
4. The contact surface of the friction plate is not enough. The solution is to repair the friction plate.
Common faults and treatment methods of steering system:
First, oil leakage from the steering gear, analysis of the reasons for the failure are:
1. Leakage on the joint surfaces of the steering gear (valve body, partition, stator, rotor), the treatment method is to replace the sealing ring, clean the steering gear, joint surface or better firm bolts;
2. The sealing ring at the journal or the overflow valve is damaged. This treatment method is relatively simple, that is, the sealing ring at the journal and the overflow valve is better;
3. The washer at the limit bolt is not flat. The way to deal with this situation is to smooth the washer or better.
Second, the steering failure, analysis of the causes of the failure are:
1. The spring plate of the steering gear is broken or the pin shaft of the steering gear is broken or deformed, or the opening of the coupling may be broken or deformed. This treatment method is to better the spring plate, the pin shaft and the coupling;
2. If the safety valve fails, the solution is to clean the safety valve and replace the spring;
3. The leakage of the steering cylinder is too large. The solution is to replace the seal or the cylinder.
