After all, the excavator is a steel giant composed of high-precision components, and sometimes the labor is complicated, and it is inevitable that there will be malfunctions. For example, common excavator failures include: booms, sticks, buckets, rotating postures, and equipment moving speeds are becoming more and more slow, or the excavator's overall posture is weak, and the sound is getting louder and louder. The following are several common faults of excavators:
1. The engine speed ratio is reduced
First, the engine's own power must be tested. If the engine's power is less than the maximum power, the fault will be caused by low gasoline and diesel working pressure, poor gasoline and diesel quality, valve clearance errors, incorrect timing of the oil pump, and gasoline and diesel volume. The setting value is incorrect, the air intake system is leaking, the braking system and the operating handle are not good, or the turbocharged carbon deposits.
If the test result is that the engine output driving force is normal, it must be checked whether the engine speed ratio is reduced due to the mismatch between the total flow of the hydraulic oil pump and the power of the engine.
The speed load of the hydraulic excavator is inversely proportional during the whole working process, that is to say, the multiplication of the total flow and the output working pressure of the pump is an independent variable, and the power of the pump is stable or similarly stable.
If the pump automatic control system fails, the pump, valve, and engine cannot be maintained in a load-lifting pairing situation in different load areas, which may cause the excavator to not be able to work normally. This type of failure must first start with the household appliance system software, then check the hydraulic transmission system, and finally check the gear transmission system software.
2. The speed is very slow during work
If it is an excavator that has been used for many years, the speed is slowly and very slow, which is attributed to the cause of all normal damage. The key element is that the damage of the entire equipment leads to the reduction of engine output power and the internal leakage of the hydraulic transmission system. Then a series of failures are mainly manifested. Because the leakage causes internal calorie consumption and causes a lot of energy, the temperature of all system software is quickly raised. Gear oil And the decrease of engine oil viscosity causes high temperature in all system software. The main manifestation is that the cold car becomes faster and hotter and slower. This requires the whole machine to be repaired, and repairs and replacements are carried out for the damaged parts. If it is a new excavator that is suddenly very slow, this must be simplified and then complicated. Check from the following levels: Check whether the power circuit fuse is short-circuited or short-circuited; whether the main working pressure is normal; servo motor pressure regulating valve- Whether the piston rod of the servo motor is stuck; the regulator confluence failure, etc.; other probabilities are cleared, and the hydraulic oil pump is finally disassembled.
3. The excavator is weak
①The excavation is weak but the engine does not hold back the car.
The size of the digging force is determined by the output working pressure of the main valve. Whether the engine is holding back depends on the correlation between the oil pump's digestion and absorption torque and the engine's output torque.
The engine does not hold back, indicating that the oil pump has a small digestion and absorption torque and the engine load is light. If there is no significant abnormality in the speed of the excavator during work, the greater output working pressure of the main valve, that is, the overflow working pressure of the system software, should be the top priority.
If the accurate measurement value of the overflow working pressure is less than the standard value, it means that the preset value of the load speed control valve of the hydraulic machine control circuit of the organization is wrong, causing the organization to overflow too early and weak in work. Then the device can be adjusted according to the rotation of the adjusting screw.
②The excavation is weak and the engine is holding back the car.
The engine is holding back, indicating that the digestion and absorption torque of the oil pump exceeds the output torque of the engine, causing the engine to be overweight. This type of failure should be the first to check whether everything is normal for the engine speed sensing technology system software, and the inspection method is similar to the above engine inspection method.
Summary: For excavators, the effect of each component is not single, and it can be said that it affects the whole body. For example, once the engine fails, the car's oil consumption, black smoke and black smoke from the exhaust pipe Difficulties such as reduced driving force will follow one after another. The excavator can be operated smoothly and unimpeded by the application of diligence and care and maintenance at ordinary times.
