Elevator is a commonly used machinery in aerial work machinery. Due to the use of hydraulic pressure as the lifting power, it has the characteristics of large load capacity and smooth lifting, and is widely used in the vertical transportation of goods between high-rise buildings. Today, the editor introduces the operation rules and installation precautions of the elevator.
1. Operation rules of elevator
1. To support the important preparations for the operation of the lifting platform, a flat surface should be selected, such as soft or uneven foundation, which needs to be treated accordingly before it can work.
2. During the rotation operation of the lifting platform, it must be rotated before the lower arm is lifted, and slowly rotated, and whether the distance between the shearing arm and a platform meets the safety requirements. Where any country or industry regulations conflict, the country or industry regulations.
3. Operators of working platforms should wear safety belts, live working areas, and lift platforms according to regulations. Lifting operations should be directed by the person in charge.
4. The power system of the elevator does not start. This is usually seen when the most obvious switch is not started. This is also a problem that many people easily overlook.
5. The screw is too loose or too tight, this problem is not usually found, but there is a big hidden safety problem, so in the daily use of the elevator, we must pay attention and pay attention to safety.
Second, the installation considerations of the elevator
ready
1. Seriously prepare the special construction plan for installation and construction, and explain the safety technology to the installers.
2. Make a good foundation according to the basic plan, pay attention to accurate, leveling, and correct points to ensure the level of the foundation and various requirements for use.
3. Keep the access road of external construction elevators smooth and have enough space for parking equipment. When using a steam crane for auxiliary installation, it should be fully considered whether the site environment meets the operating conditions of the steam crane.
4. Ensure excellent power supply at the installation site, install a separate distribution box, and the electric leakage switch must meet the requirements of the construction elevator when the distribution box is used. If the installed construction elevator is controlled by frequency conversion, it should be器Adapter.
Fence cage
1. Clean the foundation surface and install the anchor bolts. If the installed construction elevator is installed on the basement floor, you must use a shim under the base screw to increase the force surface of the nut and the floor. Reduce the friction of nuts on the floor;
2. Insert steel plate gaskets of different thicknesses between the chassis and foundation stones at the anchor bolts to adjust the verticality of the rail frame;
3. Install three standard sections and measure the verticality of the rail frame with the theodolite to ensure the verticality (1/1000) of each main pipe of the rail frame in two directions;
4. After adjusting the vertical of the guide rail frame, tighten the 4 anchor bolts;
5. Adjust the verticality of the fence door frame as above, and press the remaining anchor bolts;
6. Install buffer spring;
7. Connect the other half of the fence to the first half with bolts;
8. Adjust the verticality as above to press the anchor bolts and release the brake on the motor in the cage. (SC200/200 type first install the cage and then install the transmission plate).
9. Lift the hanging cage with a crane, and place the hanging cage accurately from above the standard section; place the two hanging cages on the guide rail frame and place them slowly on the buffer spring. Prepare the driving frames of the two hanging cages, and adjust the back wheels and rollers to the position of the maximum clearance to facilitate the installation of the driving frames. Use a lifting device to install a standard section to the basic part of the elevator and tighten the coupling bolts. Use the lifting equipment to install the two sets of drive frames above their respective hanging cages and wear the connecting pins to install the cage top guardrail.
10. Reset the brake;
11. Installation and maintenance section. The maintenance section is generally installed in Section 4.
12. Install two more standard sections. Use the theodolite to check and adjust the verticality of the guide rail, so that the error in two mutually perpendicular directions meets the requirements of Table 1.
Table 1 Verticality Requirements of Guide Frame
Adjustment
1. The meshing gap between gear and rack is 0.5mm;
2. The gap between each roller and the standard column is 0.5mm;
Cable installation
The on-site power supply box should be within 20m from the elevator power box to ensure the power supply quality.
1. Connect the power supply cable from the main power switch in the power box on the elevator to the on-site power box;
2. Coil the cable into the cable cage in a free state;
3. One end of the cable is led out from the bottom of the cable cage into the power box, and the other end is led into the hanging cage through the cable bracket to access the electric control box;
4. The cable cage is installed under the cable bracket so that the cable can be pulled out or coiled into the cable cage freely at its center;
Electrical inspection
Before commissioning, install one, two and standard sections with lifting equipment, and then perform commissioning as follows:
1. The grounding resistance tester measures the grounding resistance of the steel structure of the elevator and the metal shell of electrical equipment, which shall not be greater than 4Ω;
2. Use a 500V megohm meter to measure the resistance of the motor and electrical components to ground should not be less than 1MΩ;
3. Check each installation control switch, open each door on the cage separately, touch the broken rope protection switch, upper and lower limit switches, limit switches, etc. should be able to function;
4. Check the limits of the motor, and the upward and downward movement directions of the cage should be consistent with the directions shown in the operation box; ordinary construction elevator boom installation: the boom should be installed in the boom installation hole on the top of the cage, in the cage, Install the radial bearing in the cage, install the pressure pad and fix it with bolts;
Rail mounting
1. Wipe the pipe joints and rack pins at both ends of the standard section, add a small amount of grease, connect the 4 standard sections on the ground into a group, and then hang the rail bracket to align the standard section main pipe and rack below The pin holes on the top are firm with bolts;
2. With the continuous mention of the rail frame, the wall bracket should be installed at the same time, and the verticality of the rail frame installation should be checked, and the allowable deviation 100m is less than 90mm;
3. Use manual (electric) cranes to carry out the installation of the standard section of the guide rail frame. During the extra section, the operator should stand on the top of the cage and use the control box to operate the elevator. Do not operate in the cage to avoid accidents. The following procedure:
(1) Open the cage to the lowest position allowed by the lower limit.
(2) Put down the wire rope and spreader of the hand (electric) crane.
(3) Hang a standard section on the ground, slowly shake the drum handle (or start the electric hoist), and lift the standard section from the ground guardrail to the top of the hanging cage and put it away.
(4) The operator should bring the necessary connecting bolts, torque wrenches and other tools required by the standard section, and then operate the elevator on the top of the cage to raise the hanging cage. (Note that during the ascent, the manual crane boom should be turned to a safe angle to ensure that the boom does not collide with surrounding buildings when the cage is running.)
(5) Open the cage upwards, and stop the operation of the cage immediately when the distance between the top of the cage top drive frame and the standard joint stop to be connected is about 250mm.
(6) Use a hand (electric) crane to lift the standard section at the top of the cage and 20mm above the standard bracket has been connected to the standard section, slowly turn the boom, so that the standard section interface is right, then slowly lower the standard section so that The four interfaces are exactly the same.
(7) Wear standard joint bolts and use a torque wrench to measure the tightening torque of 30kgm.
(8) Remove the spreader from the standard section, retract the wire rope, turn the boom to a safe direction, open the hanging cage downwards, and carry out the next standard section for high-level connection. Note: The standard joint should be greased every time it is connected to avoid rust.
Wall mounting
1. Attach the wall for the first time at a distance of 4.5 to 6 meters from the bottom, and install it every 9 meters in the future;
2. The maximum horizontal tilt angle of the attached wall bracket is ±10 degrees.
Switch hitting iron
1. Connect the power supply to the elevator and test run to ensure that all actions are accurate (each action should be jog), the lower limit bumper block and lower limit bumper block should be installed first to prevent the cage from hitting the bottom. The position of the lower limit touch iron should automatically stop when it hits the buffer spring 100-200mm when the cage is fully loaded; the upper limit touch iron is installed at the cage more than 150mm above the upper terminal platform;
2. The installation position of the lower limit bumper should ensure that when the cage runs down with full load, the switch will automatically cut off the control power after touching the lower limit bumper, and after stopping, the distance from the bottom of the cage to the ground buffer spring is 300-400mm, lower The installation position of the limit bumper shall ensure that the limit switch will operate after the lower limit switch is operated and the suspension cage cannot hit the buffer spring.
3. Ensure the distance between the upper and lower limit switches from the limit iron impact, and ensure that the distance between the limit switch contact handle and the upper and lower limit iron impact is in the range of 0.2-2mm when the limit switch is off;
4. After the limit switch and limit switch are adjusted properly, the installation operation of the guide rail frame height and the attachment frame and the cable guide frame can be carried out. At this time, the lowermost attachment frame should be installed, which is installed at a distance of 6-8m from the ground, or it can be handled according to the actual situation on the site, and then install the following two cable guards, the lowermost one is about 1m away from the cable barrel, the upper one and the lower One is 3m apart. Tighten all bolts reliably to ensure that the iron does not move.
5. Adjust the clearance between all rollers and back wheels to ensure the stable operation of the cage.
6. When all the installation work is completed, check whether the fasteners are loose and whether the specified tightening torque is reached, and then carry out the load test and the drop test of the cage and reset the safety device correctly.
After the final installation, the technical person in charge of the enterprise and the relevant departments will carry out a comprehensive inspection, anti-fall test, and trial operation of the quality and accuracy of the foundation and the wall support and equipment installation.
