As we all know, the digging and loading and unloading of the loader is achieved through the movement of its working device. Its working device can play a big role. So, how do loaders commonly used in construction machinery work? What are the specific working devices? This article focuses on introducing you.
The working device of the loader is composed of bucket 1, boom 2, connecting rod 3, rocker arm 4, bucket oil cylinder 5, boom oil cylinder 6, etc. The entire working device is hinged on the frame 7. The bucket is hinged with the bucket oil cylinder through the connecting rod and rocker arm to load and unload materials. The boom is articulated with the frame and boom cylinder to lift the bucket. Bucket turning and boom lifting are hydraulically operated.
When the loader is working, the working device should be able to ensure that when the bucket cylinder is locked and the boom cylinder is lifted or lowered, the link mechanism makes the bucket move up or down or close to the translation to avoid the bucket tilting and throwing material; when moving When the arm is in any position and the bucket rotates around the hinge point of the boom for unloading, the tilt angle of the bucket is not less than 45 °. When the boom is lowered after discharging, the bucket can be automatically leveled.
Based on the structural types of loader working devices at home and abroad, there are mainly seven types, that is, according to the number of components of the link mechanism, it is divided into three-bar type, four-bar type, five-bar type, six-bar type and eight-bar type; According to whether the steering of the input and output rods are the same, they are divided into forward rotation and reverse rotation linkage mechanisms.
The bucket structure of the loader for earthwork is usually made of low-carbon, wear-resistant and high-strength steel plates. The cutting edges are made of wear-resistant medium-manganese alloy steel. The side cutting edges and reinforced corner plates are made of high strength. Made of ground steel material.
There are four types of bucket cutters. The choice of tooth shape should consider factors such as insertion resistance, wear resistance and easy replacement. The tooth shape is divided into sharp teeth and blunt teeth. Most of the tire loaders use sharp teeth, while the crawler type loaders mostly use blunt teeth. The number of bucket teeth depends on the width of the bucket, and the pitch of the bucket teeth is generally 150-300mm. The bucket tooth structure is divided into two types: integral type and split type. Most small and medium-sized loaders use integral type, while large-sized loaders often use split type due to poor operating conditions and serious wear of bucket teeth. The split bucket tooth is divided into two parts: basic tooth 2 and tooth tip 1. After wear, only the tooth tip needs to be replaced.
Special working device of loader
1. increase the bucket
On the basis of the configuration of the standard model, increase the bucket capacity to improve work efficiency to meet the shovel loading of lighter materials, such as coal.
2. The Rock King
Mainly aimed at rock loading and unloading conditions, the bucket arm plate and support plate bucket of the bucket are strengthened, and equipped with high wear-resistant auxiliary blade plate and high wear-resistant precision cast bucket teeth, thereby increasing the service life of the entire bucket.
3. High unloading black gold king
To meet the increasing height of the fence of the truck, for materials with low specific gravity such as coal, it can meet high unloading and large loading capacity, which greatly improves work efficiency.
4. Side dump bucket
Aiming at the working device with small space, especially in tunnel operating conditions, the bucket can be turned sideways in one direction, which can effectively reduce the labor intensity of the driver during tunnel operation.
5. Wooden fork
It is mainly used for material handling and loading and unloading in forest farms and ports.
6. Quick change device
It is mainly aimed at the working environment where there are many kinds of materials in the work site that need to be loaded and unloaded. The driver can quickly replace the working device while sitting in the cab. It is convenient to use and has high operating efficiency. Wait.
7. Grab bucket
It is mainly used for grabbing plant straws, etc. It has the characteristics of large opening, tight compaction and high grass grabbing efficiency.
8. Fully automatic filter dust machine
1. Prevent the "air gun" from blowing the filter and causing dust to flow back into the engine and become a hidden danger of early wear of the cylinder block.
2. Save engine maintenance cost; frequent sound cleaning, ensure the permeability of the filter, can reduce the filter pore size of the filter, block more dust, improve the purity of the intake air of the engine, extend the service life of the engine, can More than 20%.
3. Save filter replacement cost; due to frequent work, the total dust retention rate is reduced, which can extend the service life of the filter, save the filter by 80%, extend the filter maintenance time by 2-3 times, and save the filter maintenance The cost is 80%.
4. Save fuel cost; effectively reduce the intake resistance, ensure the mixing ratio of the engine at high speed, increase the engine output power, and save fuel by 3% -5%.
5. Save labor cost; the filter can be cleaned automatically without disassembling, thus reducing the labor intensity of users.
