As a second-hand construction machinery, there is a huge gap compared with the new machine. In general, the new machine will not have too many problems in a few years, even if there are problems, because of its corresponding after-sales service system, maintenance and maintenance will be relatively timely. While the second-hand engineering machinery has the possibility of failure at any time, even if it is able to get the most timely maintenance service, it will never be as complete as a new machine, easy to influence the construction progress, and the service is paid. This is the first thing to consider when purchasing second-hand construction machinery. For users who purchase second-hand construction machinery, the most important thing is whether the equipment purchased is worth the money.
Foreign second-hand construction machinery has a very complete assessment standard, and its sales are mostly auctions. This assessment capability is not available to most secondary engineering machinery users. For direct users, it is very important to use a simplest method to evaluate used engineering machinery when the evaluation standard of second-hand equipment is not perfect in our country. According to the author's many years of work experience, here is a simple evaluation method of second-hand construction machinery for reference. The specific method is to divide the price of second-hand equipment into basic price and adjusted price.
How to determine the basic price
The basic price is determined by the time of mechanical use. In our country, the service life of the engineering machinery is generally designed for 10 years (generally, because of the introduction of the new 名媛直播, the use of the 10 year old machines, even if they are available at very low prices), has an average annual use of about 2000 H. In normal use, the engine repair cycle is 10000~15000 h, the life of the hydraulic pump is often over 20000 h, and the other parts such as the hydraulic motor, gear box, main control valve and other components are longer life, that is to say, for the new machine, no overhaul is not needed within 5 years without accident. Take the excavator as an example, according to the current commonly used equipment depreciation standard, the mechanical depreciation according to the first year 20%, after the annual decline of 5% to calculate the basic price, that is, the first year depreciation 20%, second year depreciation 15%, third year depreciation 10%, fourth year depreciation 5%. Fifth years later, the equipment must be refurbished by a series of refurbishment due to the aging of some parts, normal wear and some unexpected reasons, which makes the depreciation rate of the equipment stable at about 5% or lower, thus reducing the price. With the upgrading of technology and the aging of machinery itself, prices will drop to less than 20% of the total price in 10 years.
What is worth our attention is the reliability of the equipment running timer. For reliable equipment running timers per year of 2000 h, for less reliable timers, the average annual operating time should be adjusted accordingly (and it is possible that the use of equipment is far more than 2000 h per year).
How to determine the adjustment price
When the basic price of the equipment is fixed, you will need to adjust the price for the second-hand equipment you see. Take the excavator as an example, the adjustment price should be the following items.
The engine is easy to start, no exhaust, normal smoke exhaust, low, medium and high speed sound, no leakage and no abnormal heat.
There is no abnormal appearance of the rotary system; the bearing clearance is small; the lifting arm causes the bucket to leave the ground, and the big arm is pushed by hand, and its left and right swing is small.
The working device consists of large and small arm shovel without exception, cracking, deformation and two processing.
The four parts of the walking part are normal wear and tear, no cracks, and no deformation of the track plate.
The cylinder parts of the hydraulic part are normal in appearance, no oil leakage and no self dropping, and the piston rod does not pull, peel or bend. The rotary motor is easy to start when it is rotating, with little stopping and drifting, no abnormal noise in the slewing, and no oil leakage. When the motor is at the same engine speed, the speed of the two sides of the track is the same, the walking is strong and no snakes, the high and low speed change is obvious, there is no abnormal sound, the ordinary land is easy to adjust its head and no oil leakage. The hydraulic pump has no oil leakage, no abnormal noise and normal walking conditions.
The electrical apparatus and other electrical apparatus are fully functional.
There is no oil leakage and leakage of oil tank and radiator.
The cab is complete and non variant.
The cover, cover, guard plate and frame are not dehiscence and cracking.
When the above inspection results are normal, the equipment adjustment price is zero. For the problematic part, the adjustment price should be the cost price needed to restore the normal function of the part. The total adjustment price is the sum of each part of the adjustment price.
Final price of equipment = basic price adjustment price
In addition, if the general, large or partial parts of the second-hand machinery have been changed, the user can make the corresponding increase or decrease in the price according to the degree of approval of the change. In the specific implementation process, different users and regions have different preferences for models, which will also have some impact on price assessment.
In a word, it is a difficult thing to evaluate the price of the used engineering machinery. For the same equipment, different people will give different prices, and sometimes the price is even as high as 10%. For users, it may not be possible to assess a device, so it is necessary for a private user to ask an insider who is familiar with the mechanical performance as a guide, to inspect the equipment and to put forward constructive opinions. Second hand equipment users want to do the equipment purchase to achieve "buy rest assured, comfortable to use", it is necessary to pay attention to the inspection of equipment details, so that the value of second-hand equipment.
