Underground scrapers are loading, transporting, and unloading equipment based on diesel engines or electric motors powered by towing cables, hydraulic or hydraulic-mechanical transmission, articulated frames, tire walking, front-end dump buckets. Mainly used in underground mines and tunnel projects. The underground scraper has a low fuselage, the cab is horizontally arranged, and it uses glossy or semi-gloss underground mine-resistant engineering tires, and is equipped with a diesel exhaust purification device.
1. Structure of working device of scraper
The working device is a device for shoveling materials of the underground scraper, and its structure and performance directly affect the working size and performance parameters of the whole machine. Therefore, the rationality of the working device directly affects the production efficiency, working load, power and motion characteristics of the underground scraper, the digging effect under different working conditions, and the working cycle time (including shoveling, lifting, unloading and bucket return) The time to the original position), external dimensions and engine power, etc., the composition of different types of working devices is different. The working device is a Z-type reverse six-bar mechanism, which is composed of bucket, boom, connecting rod, rocker arm, bucket cylinder and lifting cylinder.
The entire working device is hinged on the frame. The bucket is hinged to the bucket cylinder through the connecting rod and rocker arm for loading and unloading materials, and the boom is hinged to the frame and the boom cylinder to lift the bucket. Bucket turning and boom lifting are hydraulically operated.
2. Working principle and working process of working device of scraper
The underground scraper is a self-propelled equipment with integrated loading, unloading, and its working process can be reflected on the working device. The various working conditions of the working device are determined by the length of the lifting cylinder and the bucket cylinder. The working process consists of five working conditions:
1. Insertion condition: the boom is lowered, the bucket is placed on the ground, the tip of the bucket touches the ground, the bottom of the bucket is at an angle of 3o ~ 50 °, the underground scraper is started, and the bucket is inserted into the pile by the traction of the machine.
2. Loading condition: After the bucket is inserted into the pile, turn the bucket to shovel the material, and wait until the mouth of the bucket turns to an approximate level.
3. Lifting condition: After closing the bucket, use the lifting cylinder to rotate the boom to the proper unloading position.
4. Unloading conditions: At the unloading point, use the bucket oil cylinder to flip the bucket, unload it to the silo silo or transportation vehicle, and then release the arm after the bucket is unloaded to restore the bucket to the transport position.
5. Automatic leveling condition: After the bucket is unloaded at the highest lifting position 45 ', keep the length of the bucket cylinder unchanged, when the boom is placed to the digging position, the rear angle of the bucket bottom and the ground plane is 30 ° ~ 50 °.
