It is understood that the new version of the food safety law will be implemented from October 1, 2015 to promote the upgrading of the cold chain logistics industry by legal means. This requires the use of efficient and stable handling equipment in all links. The biggest difference between cold storage forklift and ordinary forklift is that frost is the main problem in frequent access to warehouse and cold storage.
Characteristics of cold storage environment
1. There are four kinds of cold storage according to the temperature range
The high-temperature storehouse is l-grade + 5 to - 5 degrees Celsius, which is mainly used to store vegetables, eggs, medicinal materials and wood, keep fresh and dry;
Medium temperature storehouse, grade D - 10 to - 18 ℃, is mainly used to store meat, aquatic 名媛直播 and other 名媛直播 suitable for this temperature;
The low-temperature storage is j-grade - 23 to - 28 degrees Celsius, which is mainly used for ice cream, ice cream and low-temperature food;
The ultra-low temperature warehouse is lower than - 30 ℃. It is used for quick-frozen food, industrial, medical and other special purposes.
High temperature storage does not need special cold storage forklift, and other cold storage need to use cold storage forklift.
2. Working environment with extreme temperature and humidity changes
Especially in the South and coastal areas, due to the high outdoor environmental humidity, the humidity in the charging area and loading and unloading area outside the cold storage is much higher than that in the cold storage. The forklift operates in the cold storage for more than half an hour, and its surface temperature is close to the ambient temperature in the cold storage. When the forklift leaves the cold storage to enter the charging area or loading and unloading area, condensation and condensate appear on its surface in a short time.
Hardware requirements of cold storage forklift
Metal parts need special anti rust treatment;
Low temperature materials shall be selected for rubber parts to ensure their working state at low temperature;
The wheels are made of polyurethane with low hardness, and the surface is slotted to prevent slipping and have sufficient bearing capacity. The hardness is generally 72sh;
Application characteristics of forklift in cold storage
1. Frequent access to cold storage and handling of goods
This operation mode is suitable for the operation of balance weight battery forklift and battery hand-held turning. It is a common way of plane transportation. As the first choice of plane transportation, it has low waterproof requirements for forklift, and the service life of forklift hardware (such as oil pipe, oil seal and other vulnerable parts) is relatively long.
2. Long time handling of high shelf stacking and unloading
Due to the different working characteristics, the task of the narrow roadway stacker is to stack the goods transported into the cold storage on the plane to the high shelf, or take the goods from the high shelf to the ground. Therefore, in use, the continuous operation time in the cold storage is relatively long.
3. Use of vehicles of different grades in different cold storage environments
-The refrigerated vehicle at 18 ℃ shall not work for more than 1 hour in the cold storage with temperature higher than - 18 ℃;
-Refrigerated trucks at 30 ℃ can be used in the cold storage at - 18 ℃ without time limit. The working time in the cold storage at - 18 ℃ to - 30 ℃ shall not exceed 15 minutes / hour;
-Refrigerated trucks at 40 ℃ can be used in the cold storage at - 18 ℃ without time limit. Working in the cold storage at - 18 ℃ to - 30 ℃ shall not operate for 3 hours, but must operate outside the cold storage for half an hour or rest for the same time. The working time in the cold storage shall not exceed - 40 ℃ / 15 hours.
Influence of battery discharge characteristics on the use of cold storage vehicles
Due to the chemical characteristics of the battery, the freezing point of the electrolyte is closely related to the specific gravity. Under low temperature, the battery cannot discharge normal electricity.
1. Freezing point of electrolyte
The freezing point of sulfuric acid with specific gravity of 1.13 is about - 12 ℃
The freezing point of sulfuric acid with specific gravity of 1.29 is about - 60 ℃
Below zero, the battery can discharge less than 60% of the total capacity
2. Battery selection and precautions during use
Select high-grade brand batteries to ensure the use of forklifts and battery replacement time;
Try to keep the battery in a full state and ensure that the specific gravity of battery electrolyte is in a high specific gravity state;
The forklift and battery should be preheated before entering the cold storage;
Keep the battery surface dry and the battery liquid level high.
Precautions for the use of cold storage vehicles
All cold storage vehicles shall not be shut down and parked in the cold storage, otherwise the hydraulic system and electrical system may be damaged;
Before entering the cold storage, all cold storage vehicles must do hydraulic and walking actions, and enter the cold storage after the temperature of each component rises;
According to different cold storage vehicle grades, operate in the cold storage according to the standard sustainable working hours;
After the vehicle leaves the warehouse, if there is condensate on the surface, it must be dried or wait for the condensate to dry completely before entering the cold storage again;
Use special oil 名媛直播 for cold storage and maintain and replace them regularly;
Shorten the maintenance cycle of lubrication points to prevent early wear of lubrication points;
The battery cannot be left vacant for a long time after discharge. Charge it in time and maintain a high proportion of electrolyte to prevent freezing of battery electrolyte;
Cooperate with different models to improve the efficiency of various models in the cold storage;
When the vehicle fails in the cold storage, it must be removed from the cold storage as soon as possible and repaired in the buffer area or maintenance area.
Cold storage forklift is a kind of special handling machinery. Its use and maintenance methods are directly related to the service life of forklift. The combination of professional recommended models and various models and professional maintenance and repair can ensure the effective utilization rate, intact rate and service life of cold storage forklift.
