How to adjust the angle and tilt of the blade of the grader?
The grader blade can be adjusted in 5 forms according to different operation requirements.
(1) Adjustment of shovel angle
The shovel angle refers to the angle formed by the blade forward and backward and the ground. The adjustment steps are as follows:
① Stop, lower the blade to the ground and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fuselage.
② Loosen the lock nut of the tooth plate, so that the tooth plate leaves the tooth frame.
③Pull the shovel force to raise and lower the joystick. When the blade rises, the shovel angle increases, otherwise it decreases. See the attached table for the applicable working conditions of different shovel angles.
④ After adjusting, mesh the tooth plate with the tooth frame, and tighten the fixing nut and lock nut.
(2) Adjustment of plane angle
The plane angle refers to the angle formed between the left and right rotation of the blade and the longitudinal line of the fuselage. The adjustment of the plane angle is achieved by pulling the rotary joystick of the rotary circle. The applicable working conditions for different plane angles are shown in the attached table.
Blade angle and applicable working conditions
Working conditions Blade angle Shovel angle (o) Plane angle (o) Tilt angle (o)
Shoveling soil Plowed soil <40 <30 <11
The soil that has been raked <40 30—35 <13
Unsong grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ soil <35 40—45 <15
Earth transport heavy soil <35 40—50 <11
Light soil 40 35—45 <13
Renovation of roadbed 40-40—55 <18
Flatten, mix and compact 40-60 55-90 <30
(3) Adjustment of tilt angle
The inclination angle refers to the angle formed by the unevenness of the left and right ends of the blade and the ground. The adjustment of the inclination angle is achieved by pulling the two left and right blade lifting levers so that the two lifting cylinders are not retracted. The applicable working conditions for various tilt angles are shown in the attached table.
(4) Adjustment of blade side extension
Blade flank means that the blade extends to the left or right side of the fuselage. Its adjustment method is:
① For short reach, just pull the blade to move the joystick.
②Long-reaching side extension, you can adjust the fixed position of the piston rod of the blade moving cylinder, and then move the blade to move the joystick.
③ For ultra-long-distance lateral extension, the traction frame and the blade can be moved as a whole by changing the position of the traction frame moving cylinder, and then the blade can be moved to move the joystick. [!-empirenews.page--]
(5) Adjusting the tilt of the blade side guide
The tilting of the blade side guide means that the blade is adjusted out of the fuselage to work with the slope.
①Adjustment to the left
a. Lower the loosening rake to 10cm from the ground.
b. Push the rotary lever of the rotary ring forward to turn the rotary ring to the left (turn a little counterclockwise and move the blade. If the spherical pivot of the piston rod of the blade moving cylinder is not in the right hole on the blade, the blade should be moved Move it to the right hole before.
c. Remove the fixed shaft pin of the moving frame of the traction frame, pull the joystick, and fix the moving frame in the hole on the left side of the guide frame.
d. Take out the left and right shaft pins connecting the blade lifting support frame and the guide frame.
e. Move the left and right lifting levers of the blade to extend the piston rod of the left hydraulic cylinder and shorten the piston rod of the right hydraulic cylinder to move the support frame to the right side of the frame. When the second hole on the right side of the support frame and the guide frame When the right hole is aligned, install the fixing pin.
f. Check the hydraulic pipeline to eliminate the torsion of soft passengers.
g. Lift and rotate the blade appropriately to adjust the blade to the left side of the fuselage.
②Adjust the tilt to the right
a. Turn the slewing ring and move the blade, so that the middle of the blade is about 25cm to the left of the axis of symmetry of the grader, and lower the blade to the ground.
b. Move the spherical pivot of the piston rod of the blade moving cylinder to the left hole of the blade.
c. Take out the traction frame moving cylinder and its piston rod and fix them to the right hole of the guide frame and the spherical pivot on the right side of the traction frame, respectively.
d. Take out the left and right shaft pins fixed by the blade lifting cylinder support frame and the guide frame.
e. Retract the piston rod of the left lifting cylinder of the blade and extend the piston rod of the right long lifting cylinder to move the support frame to the left side of the guide. When the second hole on the left side of the support frame is aligned with the left hole of the guide frame, install it Fixed pin.
f. Check the hydraulic hose to prevent it from twisting.
g. Operate the blade up and down and the rotation of the rotary circle, that is, adjust the blade to the right side of the fuselage.
How to dig a side ditch with a grader?
When the grader digs the side ditch of the road or the drainage ditch of the site, the following steps are usually implemented:
①Adjust the blade so that the plane angle is 35o, the shovel angle is 40o, and the inclination angle is about 9o. The adjustment method is as described above.
②Tilt the front wheel to the inside of the ditch properly. The blade's shovel soil end is about 15-30cm away from the outer edge of the trench in the ditch. The grader runs at a low speed and slowly lowers the blade to start shoveling. When shoveling soil, the shovel blade should not drop to a depth of more than 10 cm, for the purpose of marking the working line. [!-empirenews.page--]
③ After the operation line is marked, deepen the work one by one according to the predetermined depth of the ditch. During the first deepening, adjust the blade tilt angle to 11o, and then gradually increase to 16o, 21o, 26o ..., that is, each increase of 5o, the plane angle remains 35o-45o unchanged, after each shovel After the soil is carried away, the next deepening operation should be carried out. The earth ridge formed by the soil transportation should be on the rear side of the rear wheel to avoid affecting the next operation. The last shoveling operation should reach the full depth and full width of the trench.
④When the trench is dug to full depth, the outer slope should be trimmed. If the terrain conditions permit, the grader can be straddled over the trench, and the soil can be shoveled to the outer edge of the trench or the back end of the blade can be used to shovel the soil into the trench, and then be cleared. If restricted by terrain, the blade can be tilted to the side of the fuselage. The adjustment method is as described above. When the grader is driving along the trench, it should be no less than 39cm away from the edge of the trench. Shovel the soil into the trench before removing it.
How to use the grader to repair the slope?
① Before repairing the slope, adjust the blade to be inclined to the left or to the right. The adjustment method is as described above.
②When repairing the side ditch slope, the scraping angle should be smaller; when repairing the roadbed slope, cutting slope, dam slope or trench edge, the scraping angle should be larger; when repairing the vertical slope of the cliff, scraping the soil The angle can be adjusted to 90o. However, it should be noted that the height of the cliff wall should not exceed the length of the blade to avoid soil collapse and damage to the machine noise.
③ For a slope with a slope of 34o-64o and a width less than the length of the grader blade, a grader can be used to complete the scraping task. The scraped soil can be removed by the scraping side shift method when returning.
④For slopes with a slope width greater than the blade length of the grader, two graders are required to work together, as shown in Figure 3b. One is scraping the soil down on the road, and the other is scraping on the side of the roadbed edge. At the beginning, the upper one should be about 10m before the next one. In this way, the soil scraped by the above one will not affect the work of the one under the embankment. At the same time, the operator of the grader under the embankment can connect the two working surfaces into a complete according to the shape of the slope that the grader on the embankment has scraped. Bevel.
What should be paid attention to when using the grader?
(1) Precautions for using the engine
PY160A and PY160B graders are equipped with 6135K-10 diesel engine, PY180 grader is equipped with 6112Z-2J diesel engine, and GD37 grader is equipped with Komatsu 6D115-2 diesel engine. The use of the above diesel engines is basically the same as that of general diesel engines, and the matters that need special attention will now be explained. [!-empirenews.page--]
①Because the hand brakes of the grader are all installed on the transmission, in addition to placing the joysticks in the neutral position when starting, the hand brakes should also be released.
②The GD37 grader has a preheating and decompression device. Before starting, press the preheating button H. After the preheating indicator glows red, press the start switch S (H automatically returns), and set the decompression lever. In the working position, release the start switch S after increasing the throttle to start.
③PY180 grader is equipped with a sequence starting device, that is, an air heater is installed at the inlet of the intake pipe, and the device can be used for cold starting when the ambient temperature is below 0oC. The method is:
a. Press the warm-up start switch and wait for about 1min after the yellow warm-up indicator lights up.
b. Release the hand brake, put the shift lever in neutral, step on the accelerator pedal, and pull up the start handle to start for up to 25s.
c. After starting, the starting handle should be released and the preheat switch should be turned off (yellow indicator goes out).
d. If the start is not possible, it can be preheated again after 2 minutes (but not more than 3 minutes), and then restarted.
e. If the lifting is not effective for many times, the over-motion should be stopped, and then check the air heater and other places, and restart after the fault is eliminated.
(2) Precautions when driving
① During driving, the two ends of the blade should not protrude from the outer edge of the wheel, the tip of the blade should be more than 6cm away from the front wheel, and the height of the blade and loosening harrow should be 25-30cm from the ground.
② Due to the long body and large wheelbase of the grader, the speed should be reduced when turning. If necessary, the front wheels can be tilted to reduce the turning radius; the rear wheel steering of the PY160 grader should only be used when passing through narrow ground at low speed. It is forbidden to turn the front and rear wheels simultaneously while driving.
③When braking, GD37 and PY160 graders should first depress the clutch pedal to cut off the power; PY160 graders are forbidden to drive the brake when the transmission is in the rigid locked state, so as not to damage the machine parts.
④ The clutch pedal of PY160 grader controls both the main clutch and the small brake (brake driving shaft) inside the transmission, the purpose is to cut off the power and decelerate the driving gear when shifting, so as to facilitate the shift. However, the main clutch pedal should not be fully depressed during specific operations. Because the main clutch completely cuts off the power when stepped on, the transmission driving gear is completely locked by the small brake, and the driven gear is still rotating because of inertia, so that the main and driven gears are not easy to mesh when shifting, resulting in difficulty in shifting. [!-empirenews.page--]
(3) Precautions during operation
①During operation, the blade or ripper must be lowered after the machine is started, so that the load is slowly added, otherwise it will cause difficulty in starting, or even damage the machine parts. In order to avoid excessively long empty driving, the shovel can be used before starting. The knife or ripper descends to the ground.
② Use a larger rotation angle as much as possible, so that the blade has a greater cutting pressure per unit length.
③When the soil is hard, a smaller shovel angle can be used to reduce the cutting resistance; if you want to improve the leveling accuracy or materials and effects, the shovel angle can be adjusted slightly.
④The speed of the blade rotation angle, soil shovel angle and side lead tilt (outside machine tilt) must be adjusted during parking, but the left and right extension of the blade can be carried out in the industry.
⑤When the blade is raised and lowered, the left and right lifting levers should be gradually pulled, but not too much adjustment. Otherwise, the machine will overload and slip, causing the working surface to be wavy or uneven.
⑥ When working on slopes, the front wheels should be in a vertical state to obtain good adhesion by leaning the front wheels. When the horizontal slope is greater than 10o, the use of graders is strictly prohibited.
⑦When working on the edge of the newly filled subgrade, the foreign office of the grader should be at least 1m away from the edge of the subgrade to prevent collapse.
⑧When shoveling and scraping, or shoveling soil with a knife corner and using a ripper, the low speed gear should be hung; when performing the scraping operation on floating soil, the low speed gear should be hung; scraping on the floating soil In operation, medium speed gear can be used.
