Managing the fuel, oil, water and air of the excavator can reduce 70% of the machine failures, prolong the service life of the machine, improve efficiency and reduce costs. Let's take a look at the daily maintenance of the fuel and oil of the excavator!
1、 Fuel:
Select different brands of fuel according to different temperatures (basically 0 diesel in the South) and do not mix impurities Dust and water (which will cause premature damage to the fuel pump) poor quality diesel oil contains paraffin and sulfur, which will damage the engine. Try to fill up the diesel oil after daily shutdown to prevent water from generating on the inner wall of the fuel tank (it is estimated that it is difficult to steal). Open the waterproof valve at the bottom of the fuel tank to drain water before daily operation (everyone on earth knows it) The oil-water separator separates the water mixed in the oil. If the buoy reaches or exceeds the red line, it also needs to drain. If the vent ① on the oil tank cover is blocked, the pressure in the oil tank will drop, increasing the fuel flow resistance, resulting in poor fuel supply; Therefore, clean the holes at any time. Exhaust the air after the diesel oil is exhausted and the diesel filter is replaced. Do not empty the machine. Replace the diesel filter every 500 hours
2、 Oil
Engine oil includes engine oil, hydraulic oil and gear oil. Different brands and grades of oil cannot be mixed. Different types of engine oils have different chemical or physical additives added in the production process. It is necessary to ensure that the engine oil is clean and prevent sundries (water, dust, particles, etc.) from mixing into the engine oil with high viscosity in case of high ambient temperature, and the engine oil with low viscosity in case of low ambient temperature; The viscosity of the gear oil is relatively large to adapt to the large transmission load, and the viscosity of the hydraulic oil is relatively small to reduce the liquid flow resistance. The composition of the oil: mineral base oil + additives. The daily oil level should be between the upper and lower scales. When checking the oil level after the engine is working, it should be checked after 15 minutes of shutdown Check that the machine is parked stably The oil shall be changed every 500 hours, and the oil filter element shall be changed at the same time. The grease shall not be mixed with dust, sand, water and other impurities. The lithium base grease G2-L1 shall be selected, which has good anti-wear performance and is suitable for hydraulic oil under heavy load conditions:
1. Check the oil level of the hydraulic oil tank, start the engine, place the working device at the position shown in the figure, and within 15 seconds after shutdown, move each joystick in all directions in full stroke to release the internal pressure of the hydraulic system. Check the oil gauge. The oil should be changed between 2 scales / every 500 hours, replace the hydraulic oil filter / every 1000 hours, 2 discharge the air in the hydraulic system:
1. pump exhaust: exhaust from the pump: loosen the exhaust plug ① and check whether there is oil oozing from the exhaust plug. If there is no oil oozing, remove the oil drain hose of the main pump and add hydraulic oil from the oil drain hole ② until it is full; Tighten the exhaust plug ①, and then install the oil drain hose.
2. exhaust from the cylinder: start the engine to run at low idle speed, extend and retract each cylinder for 4-5 times in half stroke, and then operate each cylinder to the end of stroke for 4-5 times to fully exhaust (when the engine is running at high speed, the air inside the cylinder will damage the seal of the piston rod or other parts)
3. exhaust air from the slewing motor: run the engine at low idle speed for about 5 minutes, then loosen the hose ① at port s to confirm that there is oil flowing out (do not operate the slewing at this time); If no oil flows out, fill the shell with oil from the hose ① at port s, and then tighten the hose ① at port s
4. exhaust from the travel motor: run the engine at low idle speed, loosen the exhaust plug ①, support the crawler at one side, and conduct the front and rear idling operation. After confirming that there is oil flowing from the exhaust plug, tighten the exhaust plug 5 After the exhaust operation is completed, the engine shall be shut down for 5 minutes before operation (bubbles can disappear from the oil in the hydraulic oil tank) gear oil:
1 check the oil level in the final drive box / change it every 250 hours and every 1000 hours
2 check the oil level of the slewing mechanism box, add oil / replace it every 250 hours and every 1000 hours
3 check the oil level in the shock absorber housing / every 1000 hours
5 replace the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank / every 5000 hours
6. Maintenance cycle of hydraulic crusher: after the new machine is used for 100 to 150 hours, the filter element shall be replaced. The filter element of the additional oil filter shall be replaced with 250 hours of operation of the crusher (when the operation rate of the crusher accounts for more than 50%).
