The purpose of regular maintenance of excavators is to reduce machine failures and prolong the service life of the machine; Reduce the downtime of the machine; Improve work efficiency and reduce operation cost. As long as the fuel, lubricating oil, water and air are well managed, 70% of failures can be reduced. In fact, about 70% of failures are caused by poor management.
The operation of excavator bucket is not very difficult, but the maintenance of bucket puzzles many people. The purpose of regular maintenance of excavator is to reduce the failure of excavator and prolong the service life of excavator. However, in the actual maintenance process, the excavator operator is not good at maintenance, and maintenance often becomes "injury".
1. Improper starting method causes serious damage to the machine. In winter, some drivers often use the abnormal starting method of waterless starting (starting first and then adding cooling water) in order to start the diesel engine quickly. This practice will cause serious damage to the machine and should not be used. The correct preheating method is: first cover the thermal insulation quilt on the water tank, open the drain valve, and continuously inject 60-70 ℃ clean soft water into the water tank. When the water flowing out of the drain valve feels hot, close the drain valve, inject 90-100 ℃ clean soft water into the water tank, and rotate the crankshaft to properly prelubricate all moving parts before starting.
2. The random selection of fuel reduces the service life of the engine and increases the probability of damage. In winter, the low temperature makes the fluidity of the diesel worse, the viscosity increases, and it is not easy to spray, resulting in poor atomization and incomplete combustion, resulting in the decline of the power and economic performance of the diesel engine. Therefore, light diesel oil with low solidifying point and good ignition performance should be selected in winter. Generally, the freezing point of the diesel engine shall be 7-10 ℃ lower than the local minimum temperature in the current season.
3. Failure to pay attention to the thermal insulation of the engine block will reduce the working life, damage the engine, and the low temperature in winter will easily lead to excessive cooling of the diesel engine during operation. Therefore, heat preservation is the key to make good use of diesel engine in winter. In northern China, diesel engines used in winter shall be equipped with insulation sleeves, insulation curtains and other cold proof equipment.
4. Baking the oil pan with an open fire may burn the machine, or even aggravate the wear of the machine, so as to avoid deterioration or even charring of the oil in the oil pan, reducing or completely losing the lubricating performance, thus aggravating the wear of the machine. In winter, the engine oil with low freezing point shall be selected. During startup, the method of heating the water bath outside the engine can be used to improve the engine oil temperature.
5. Low temperature load operation causes serious wear and tear of the machine. After the diesel engine starts and catches fire, some drivers can't wait to put into load operation immediately. For a diesel engine that has just caught fire, due to the low body temperature and high oil viscosity, the oil is not easy to fill the friction surface of the moving pair, which will cause serious wear of the machine. In addition, plunger spring, valve spring and injector spring are also easy to break due to "cold brittleness".
