With the beginning of winter, the weather is getting colder, and the cold winter is coming, which is more important for the maintenance and maintenance of the excavator. Pay attention to the following misunderstandings and precautions to make the excavator healthy for the winter.
1 Premature or no cooling water
If the cooling water is released prematurely, the body will suddenly contract and be cracked when it is attacked by cold air when the temperature is high. You should run at idle speed before turning off the flame. When the temperature of the cooling water drops below 60 ° C, the water will not be hot, then turn off the flame and let it go. When draining water, drain the remaining water in the body completely to prevent the water from freezing and expanding, which will cause the body to swell.
2 Use poor quality fuel
The low temperature in winter makes the diesel's fluidity worse, viscosity increases, and it is not easy to spread out, resulting in poor atomization and deterioration of combustion, resulting in the decline of diesel engine's power and economic performance. Therefore, light diesel oil with low freezing point and good ignition performance should be selected in winter. Generally, the freezing point of a diesel engine should be 7-10 ℃ lower than the local minimum temperature in the current season.
3 open flame assisted start excavator
Do not remove the air filter, ignite it with cotton yarn dipped in diesel, and place it in the air intake pipe to start combustion. In this way, during the startup process, the dusty air from the outside will be directly sucked into the cylinder without filtering, causing abnormal wear of pistons, cylinders and other parts, and also causing rough work of the diesel engine and damaging the machine.
4 open flame baking pan
Baking the oil pan in the open flame may cause the oil in the oil pan to deteriorate, even burn, and the lubricating performance may be reduced or completely lost, thereby exacerbating machine wear. In winter, a low freezing point oil should be selected, and the temperature of the external oil bath can be used to increase the oil temperature during startup.
5 Improper startup method
Before the excavator starts, it needs to be fully warmed up. Before the engine is not warmed up, the clearance between the parts is relatively large, and the oil easily sinks to the bottom. After entering the car, it must be warmed up for a period of time, the oil pump starts to work at the same time, and the oil is delivered to the parts that need lubrication. The engine oil can be circulated to the main parts only after the engine is started. At this time, if the oil is turned sharply and heated rapidly, it will increase the wear of the parts. Similarly, when the temperature of the hydraulic oil is low, rapid operation will cause damage to the hydraulic device.
PS: Generally the best warm-up time in winter is 15-20 minutes.
6 Low temperature load operation
After the diesel engine started to catch fire, some drivers could not wait to put into load operation immediately. Due to the low temperature of the diesel engine and the high viscosity of the oil, the diesel engine that has not caught fire easily will not be charged into the friction surface of the moving pair, which will cause severe wear of the machine. In addition, plunger springs, valve springs, and injector springs are also prone to breakage due to "cold brittleness". Therefore, after the diesel engine is on fire in winter, it should be idled for a few minutes at low to medium speed, and when the cooling water temperature reaches 60 ° C, it should be put into load operation.
7 Not paying attention to body insulation
The low temperature in winter makes it easy to overcool the diesel engine when it is working. Therefore, thermal insulation is the key to good use of diesel engines in winter. In northern areas, diesel engines used in winter should be equipped with cold protection equipment such as insulation jackets and curtains. In addition, the thermostat plays an important role in increasing the temperature of the diesel engine during operation. Therefore, it should be checked in time whether the thermostat works normally, and the failed thermostat should be replaced in time.
8 Shut down after shutdown
The right way: 5-10 minutes idling, especially with a turbocharged diesel engine, because the turbine speed is very fast at this time, can reach more than 100,000 rpm, immediately stalled, the oil pump stopped working, but the turbine was inertia It is still running at high speeds and temperatures are high, and the turbine shaft lacks oil lubrication and cooling, which often results in premature failure of the turbine shaft. So you should run it at idle speed and wait for the temperature to drop before turning off.
9 butter not beat on time
The excavator does not butter on time, the consequences are serious:
▊ Increased wear
Failure to add butter on time will cause the butter oil seal to fail to seal and even cause fracture, increasing the wear between friction parts (such as shaft sleeves, pins, etc.) and reducing service life. The machine works in its entirety, which increases the wear on other components.
▊ Affects operation accuracy
Affects the accuracy of the operation and reduces the efficiency of the industry. For example, the gap between the buckets of the excavator is enlarged, which makes it difficult to perform accurate leveling and "screeding" and so on. The work that can be completed in one time requires several times.
Parts wear and tear
The butter of the excavator's walking device is not adjusted in time, which can easily cause the track to fall off or other parts to wear seriously and cause breakage.
10 Excavator park at will
The excavator is parked at will, regardless of whether the terrain is flat or not. If the parking place has a large gradient, the oil pressure of the excavator will be insufficient, and in the long run, it will cause the engine to become hot.
