The hydraulic system of the full hydraulic excavator consists of 4 parts: power element, actuating element, control element and auxiliary element.
Most of the power components are variable plunger pumps, which function to convert the mechanical energy of the engine into the pressure energy of the liquid. The common failure phenomenon is that the pressure of the pump oil is insufficient and the flow is reduced. If this phenomenon is gradually changing and the more obvious the temperature is, it is caused by the excessive wear of the hydraulic pump; if this phenomenon is sudden, it is mostly a plunger. Work is caused; if the pressure is normal, the flow will suddenly decrease, which is usually caused by the variable mechanism in the small flow location.
The actuator consists of a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic motor. The function is to convert the pressure of the liquid into mechanical energy. The common failure is the slow motion or no action. If the pump and the valve are confirmed, the reason for the slow motion of the actuator is due to the excessive wear and tear of the pump; if the pump works normally, the action of a certain actuator is slow. It is likely that the valve that controls the actuator has trouble, such as the valve is not in place, the overflow valve is closed, the spring force is weakened, and the spring force is weakened, and the wear of the actuating elements will not vary much. When the element suddenly fails to move, it is mostly caused by internal clamping.
Control components include various valves, such as pilot valves, multiway reversing valves, main safety valves, overflow valves, and one-way throttle valves. Although the functions of various valves are different, the common malfunctions are very similar, mainly with hairpins, closed closes, weakening of spring force and leakage and leakage.
The auxiliary components mainly include oil tank, oil pipe, radiator, filter and accumulator. The function of the radiator is to distribute the heat generated by the hydraulic system to the atmosphere. The common faults are oil leakage and bad heat dissipation. The function of the filter is the impurity in the filtration and mixing of the hydraulic oil. The function of the accumulator is the function of the accumulator. Stable control of oil pressure and storage of certain energy, in order to ensure smooth operation and failure of the engine, can not work, the work device can be reduced to the ground, the common fault has poor storage effect, can not complete the above functions.
